Pierre Magnol (1638-1715) | French Botanist

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References and Resources.                                   

• Magnolia Society
• San Francisco Botanical Garden Society.

©  2021 Hyden Photography

for

Grassroots Horticulture

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Pliny the Elder Bibliography

Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/24 – 79), called Pliny the Elder was a Roman author, naturalist and natural philosopher, and naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian. He wrote the encyclopedic Naturalis Historia (Natural History), which became an editorial model for encyclopedias. He spent most of his spare time studying, writing, and investigating natural and geographic phenomena in the field.

Pliny the Elder died in AD 79 in Stabiae while attempting the rescue of a friend and his family by ship from the eruption of Mount Vesuvius, which had already destroyed the cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. The wind caused by the sixth and largest pyroclastic surge of the volcano's eruption did not allow his ship to leave port, and Pliny died during that event.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• John Bostock and H. T. Riley (1855) at Perseus; the other, of a sizable portion, by Philemon Holland (1601). https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Plin.+Nat.+toc

• James Eason site https://penelope.uchicago.edu/holland/index.html.  Book XII (Foreign plants, especially spices.), Book XIII (More foreign plants: trees, papyrus and other aquatic plants. Another tirade on luxury, masquerading as a description of fancy tables.), Book XIV (Plants of Italy: The vine.), Book XV (Fruit-bearing Trees: Olives, apples, pears, nuts and so on.)
  

• Livius three page biography https://www.livius.org/articles/person/pliny-the-elder

Quotes: 

In these matters the only certainty is that nothing is certain.

Home is where the heart is.

The lust of avarice has so totally seized upon mankind that their wealth seems rather to possess them than they possess their wealth.

No mortal man, moreover is wise at all moments.

The depth of darkness to which you can descend and still live is an exact measure of the height to which you can aspire to reach.

The enjoyments of this life are not equal to its evils.

 References                                                             

ITIS  Integrated Taxonomy Information System

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All material © 2021 Hyden Photography 

for

~Grassroots Horticulture~

 __________________________________________________

John Bartram of Philadelphia | A Bibliography and Plant List

______ Botanical History ______

Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum)

Bartram's Garden is a historic Philadelphia garden and arboretum in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1728 by botanist John Bartram (1699–1777), it is the oldest surviving botanical garden in North America.

 

 

Table I: Bartram's Plants (worksheet)

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Bartram

John Bartram

William Bartram

William Hamilton

C. Colden

Washington papers

Jefferson Papers

USDA

Francis Harper, author

Vernacular Name

Common Name

Common Name

Names the Bartram's used in their coorespondence and plant nursery

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Abies balsamea

balsam fir

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Acacia farnesiana (Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn.)

sweet acacia

sponge tree

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Acer negundo

box elder

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Acer pensylvanicum

striped maple

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Acer platanoides

Norway maple

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Acer rubrum

red maple

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Acer saccharinum

silver maple

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Acer saccharum

sugar maple

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Acer spicatum

mountain maple

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Aesculus flava [A. octandra]

yellow buckeye

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Aesculus hippocastanum

horse chestnut

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Aesculus parviflora

Bottlebrush Buckeye

Aesculus alba

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Aesculus pavia

red buckeye

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Aesculus sylvatica W.Bartram

Carolina Buckeye

Aesculus sylvatica

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Alnus incana

gray alder

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Alnus maritima

seaside alder

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Alnus serrulata

hazel alder

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Amelanchier arborea (Michx. f.) Fernald

shadbush

common serviceberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Amelanchier canadensis

shadbush

Canadian serviceberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Amelanchier humilis (A. spicata)

low Juneberry

low serviceberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Amelanchier laevis

smooth shadbush

Allegheny serviceberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Amorpha fruticosa

false indigo

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Aralia nudicaulis

wild sarsparilla

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Aralia racemosa

spikenard

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Aralia spinosa

devil’s walking-stick

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Arbutus unedo

strawberry tree

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi

bearberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Aristolochia macrophylla

pipevine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Asclepias humistrata

Purple Milkweed

Asclepsias carnosa

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Asimina incana (W. Bartram) Exell

Showy Pawpaw

woolly pawpaw

Annona incana

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Asimina parviflora (Michx.) Dunal

Dwarf Pawpaw

Annona pigmea

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Asimina triloba

pawpaw

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Aster carolinianus

Climbing Aster

Aster fructicosus

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Baccharis halimifolia

groundsel-tree

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Befaria racemosa

Tarflower

Kalmia spuria

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Betula lenta

sweet birch

cherry birch

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Betula nigra

river birch

red birch

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Betula papyrifera

paper birch

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Betula populifolia

gray birch

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Betula pumila

bog birch

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Bignonia capreolata

cross vine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Buxus sempervirens

common box

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Callicarpa americana

beautyberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Campsis radicans

trumpet vine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Carpinus caroliniana

American hornbeam

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Carya alba (C. tomentosa)

mockernut hickory

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Carya cordiformis

bitternut hickory

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Carya glabra

pignut hickory

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Carya laciniosa

shellbark hickory

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Carya ovalis

red hickory

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Carya ovata

shagbark hickory

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Castanea dentata

American chestnut

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Castanea pumila

chinquapin

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Catalpa bignonioides

common catalpa

southern catalpa

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ceanothus americanus

New Jersey tea

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Celastrus scandens

American bittersweet

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Celtis occidentalis

hackberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Cephalanthus occidentalis

buttonbush

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ceratiola ericoides

sand heath

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ceratiola ericoides

Florida Rosemary

Empetrum album

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Cercis canadensis

red bud

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Chamaecyparis thyoides

white cedar

Atlantic white-cedar

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Chamaedaphne calyculata

leatherleaf

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Chionanthus virginicus

fringe tree

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Cleome houteanna

Spider Flower

Cleome lupinifolia

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Clethra alnifolia

sweet pepperbush

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Colutea arborescens

bladder senna

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Conyza canadensis

Canadian horseweed

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Cornus alternifolia

pagoda dogwood

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Cornus amomum

silky dogwood

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Cornus florida

flowering dogwood

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Cornus mas

cornelian cherry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Cornus racemosa

gray dogwood

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Cornus rugosa

roundleaf dogwood

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Corylus americana

American hazelnut

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Corylus cornuta

beaked filbert

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Crataegus crus-galli

cockspur thorn

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Crataegus flabellata

fanleaf hawthorn

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Crataegus marshallii

parsley hawthorn

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Crataegus mollis

downy hawthorn

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Crataegus pedicellata [C. coccinea]

scarlet hawthorn

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Crataegus uniflora

dwarf hawthorn

one fruited hawthorn

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Cupressus sempervirens

Italian cypress

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Cytisus multiflorus

white spanishbroom

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Cytisus scoparius

broom

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Daphne mezereum

February daphne

mezereon

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Diospyros virginiana

common persimmon

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Dirca palustris

leatherwood

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Elliottia racemosa

Georgia Plume

none

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Epigaea repens

trailing arbutus

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Eubotrys racemosa (Leucothoe racemosa)

sweetbells

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Euonymus americanus

strawberry bush

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Euonymus atropurpurea

wahoo

burning bush

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Fagus grandifolia

American beech

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ficus carica

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Franklinia alatamaha

Franklinia

Franklinia alatamaha

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Fraxinus americana

white ash

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Fraxinus nigra

black ash

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Fraxinus pennsylvanica

green ash

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Garberia fructicosa

Garberia

Cacalia heterophylla

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Gardenia jasminoides

gardenia

Cape jasmine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Gaultheria procumbens

teaberry

wintergreen

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Gelsemium sempervirens

evening trumpetflower

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Gleditsia triacanthos

honey locust

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Gordonia lasianthus

loblolly bay

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Halesia carolina (H. tetraptera)

silver bell

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Hamamelis virginiana

witch hazel

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Hedera helix

English ivy

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Helianthus decapetalus

thinleaf sunflower

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Heracleum lanatum

Cow Parsnip

Heracleum maximum

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Hudsonia ericoides

golden heather

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Hydrangea arborescens

wild hydrangea

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Hydrangea quercifolia

Oakleaf Hydrangea

Hydrangea quercifolia

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Hymenocallis coronaria

Rocky Shoals Spider Lily

Pancratium fluitans

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Hypericum crux-andreae (Ascyrum stans)

St. Peterswort

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Hypericum frondosum

Golden St. Johns Wort

Hypericum aureum

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Hypericum prolificum

shrubby St. Johnswort

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ilex glabra

inkberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ilex opaca

American holly

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ilex verticillata

winterberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ilex vomitoria

Yaupon Holly

Cassine yapon

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Illicium parviflorum

Yellow Anise Tree

Illisium

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Itea virginica

sweetspire

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Juglans cinerea

butternut

white walnut

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Juglans nigra

black walnut

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Juglans regia

English walnut

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Juniperus virginiana

red cedar

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Kalmia angustifolia

sheep laurel

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Kalmia hirsuta

Calico Bush

Kalmia ciliata

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Kalmia latifolia

mountain laurel

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Larix laricina

American larch

tamarack

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Laurus nobilis

laurel

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Leiophyllum buxifolium

sand myrtle

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Leucothoe axillaris

coastal doghobble

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Leucothoe populifolia

Pipewood

Andromeda formosissima

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Lindera benzoin

spicebush

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Liquidambar styraciflua

sweet gum

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Liriodendron tulipifera

tulip tree

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Lonicera canadensis

fly honeysuckle

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Lonicera dioica

limber honeysuckle

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Lonicera sempervirens

trumpet honeysuckle

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Lupinus villosus

Lady Lupine

Lupinus breunis

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Lyonia ligustrina

male berry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Lyonia lucida

fetterbush

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Lyonia mariana

staggerbush

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Magnolia

magnolia

Magnolia

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Magnolia acuminata

cucumber tree

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Magnolia fraseri

Fraser Magnolia

Magnolia ariculata

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Magnolia grandiflora

southern magnolia

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Magnolia macrophylla

Big Leaf Magnolia

Magnolia auriculata

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Magnolia pyramidata

Pyramid Magnolia

Magnolia Pyramidata

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Magnolia tripetala

umbrella magnolia

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Magnolia virginiana

swamp bay

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Malus coronaria

American crab apple

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Malus pumila

apple

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Melia azedarach

Chinaberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Menispermum canadense

moonseed

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Mespilus germanica

medlar

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Morella caroliniensis

southern bayberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Morella cerifera

wax myrtle

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Morella pensylvanica

northern bayberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Morus alba

white mulberry E

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Morus rubra

red mulberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Myrica gale

sweet gale

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Myrica inodorata

Odorless Wax Myrtle

Myrica inodorata

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Myrtus communis

myrtle

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Nemastylis floridana

Celestial Lily

Ixia Caelestina

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Nerium oleander

oleander

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Nyssa aquatica

tupelo

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Nyssa Ogeche

Ogeechee Lime

Nyssa Ogeeche

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Nyssa sylvatica

sour gum

black tupelo

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Oenothera grandiflora

Large Flowered Evening Primrose

Oenothera grandiflora

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ostrya virginiana

American hop hornbeam

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Oxydendrum arboreum

sourwood

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Parthenocissus quinquefolia

Virginia creeper

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Photinia melanocarpa (Aronia melanocarpa)

black chokeberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Photinia pyrifolia (Aronia arbutifolia)

red chokeberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Physocarpus opulifolius

ninebark

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Picea mariana

black spruce

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Picea rubens

red spruce

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pinckneya pubens

Fevertree

Bignonia bracteata

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pinus echinata

shortleaf pine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pinus palustris

longleaf pine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pinus pinaster

maritime pine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pinus pinea

stone pine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pinus pungens

table mountain pine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pinus resinosa

red pine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pinus rigida

pitch pine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pinus serotina

pond pine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pinus strobus

white pine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pinus taeda

loblolly pine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pinus virginiana

Virginia pine

Jersey pine

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Platanus occidentalis

buttonwood

American sycamore

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Podophyllum peltatum

mayapple

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Populus deltoides

cottonwood

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Populus tremuloides

quaking aspen

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Prunus americana

American plum

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Prunus angustifolia

Chickasaw Plum

Prunus chickasaw

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Prunus laurocerasus

cherry laurel

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Prunus lusitanica

Portugal laurel

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Prunus maritima

beach plum

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Prunus pensylvanica

pin cherry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Prunus persica

peach

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Prunus pumila

sand cherry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Prunus serotina

black cherry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Prunus spinosa

blackthorn

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Prunus virginiana

chokecherry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ptelea trifoliata

hop tree

stinking ash

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Punica granatum

pomegranate

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pyracantha coccinea

firethorn

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pyrus communis

pear

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Pyrus communis cv. Lady Petre

Lady Petre pear

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus alba

white oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus bicolor

swamp white oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus coccinea

scarlet oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus falcata

Spanish oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus geminata

sand live oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus hemisphaerica

Darlington Oak

Quercus hemispherica

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus hemisphaerica

Darlington oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus ilicifolia

scrub oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus imbricaria

shingle oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus incana

Upland Willow Oak/Blue Jack

Quercus incana

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus incana

bluejack oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus laurifolia

laurel oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus marilandica

blackjack oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus michauxii

swamp chestnut oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus nigra

water oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus palustris

pin oak

swamp Spanish oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus phellos

willow oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus prinoides

chinquapin oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus prinus (Q. montana)

chestnut oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus robur

English oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus rubra

red oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus stellata

post oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus velutina

black oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus virginiana

live oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Quercus x heterophylla

Bartram oak

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rhododendron arborescens

smooth azalea

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rhododendron calendulaceum

Flame Azalea

Azalea flammula

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rhododendron maximum

rosebay

great laurel

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rhododendron minus

Lesser Rose Bay

Rhododendron ferrugineum

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rhododendron periclymenoides (R. nudiflorum)

pink azalea

pinxterbloom

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rhododendron viscosum

swamp azalea

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rhus copallina

shining sumac

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rhus glabra

smooth sumac

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rhus typhina

staghorn sumac

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ribes cynosbati

eastern prickly gooseberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Robinia pseudoacacia

black locust

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Robinia viscosa

clammy locust

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rosa × alba

white rose of York

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rosa × damascena

damask rose

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rosa carolina

pasture rose

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rosa cinnamomea

cinnamon rose

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rosa eglanteria

sweetbriar rose

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rosa gallica

French rose

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rosa laevigata

Cherokee rose

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rosa palustris

swamp rose

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rosa virginiana

Virginia rose

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rosmarinus officinalis

rosemary

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Roystonea elata

Royal Palm

Palma elata

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rubus cuneifolius

sand blackberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rubus occidentalis

black raspberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Rubus odoratus

purple-flowering raspberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Sabal palmetto

Cabbage Palm/Palmetto

Corypha palma

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Sabatia grandifloria

Savannah Pink

Chironia pulcherrima

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Salix discolor

pussy willow

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Salix humilis

prairie willow

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Salix nigra

black willow

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Sambucus canadensis

American elder

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Sarracenia minor

Hooded Pitcher Plant

Saracinia lacunosa

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Sassafras albidum

sassafras

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Sebastiana ligustrina

Sebastian Bush

Stillingia fructicosa

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Serenoa repens

Dwarf Saw Palmetto

Corypha repens

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Smilax glauca

cat greenbrier

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Smilax rotundifolia

green briar

bull briar

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Sorbus americana

American mountain ash

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Sorbus aria

whitebeam

chess-apple

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Spiraea alba (S. latifolia)

meadowsweet

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Spiraea tomentosa

steeplebush

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Staphylea trifolia

American bladder nut

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Stewartia malacodendron

silky camellia

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Stewartia ovata

Mountain Camellia

Stewartia montana

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Symphoricarpos orbiculatus

Indian currant

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Symplocos tinctoria

horse sugar

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Syringa × persica

Persian lilac

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Syringa vulgaris

common lilac

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Taxodium distichum

bald cypress

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Taxus canadensis

American yew

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Thuja occidentalis

American arborvitae

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Tilia americana

American linden

basswood

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Toxicodendron radicans (Rhus radicans)

poison ivy

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Toxicodendron vernix (Rhus vernix)

poison sumac

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Tsuga canadensis

eastern hemlock

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ulex europaeus

gorse

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ulmus americana

American elm

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Ulmus rubra

slippery elm

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Vaccinium macrocarpon

cranberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Viburnum acerifolium

maple-leaved viburnum

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Viburnum dentatum

southern arrowwood

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Viburnum lantanoides (V. alnifolium)

hobblebush

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Viburnum lentago

nannyberry

sheep haw

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides

witherod

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Viburnum nudum var. nudum

possum haw

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Viburnum prunifolium

black haw

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Viburnum recognitum

northern arrowwood

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Viburnum trilobum (V. opulus var. americanum)

highbush cranberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Wisteria frutescens

wisteria

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Xanthorhiza simplicissima

yellowroot

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Yucca filamentosa

Adam’s needle

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Zanthoxylum

prickly ash

toothache tree

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

Zenobia pulverulenta (W. Bartram ex Willd.) Pollard

Zenobia, Honeycup, Dusty Zenobia

Andromeda pulverulenta

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

plum

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

hemp

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

tobacco

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

mulberry

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

O

grape

 

Sources:

• List of Plants from John Bartram’s Nursery, March 1792,” Founders Online, National Archives, accessed September 29, 2019, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/05-10-02-0109. 
• The Papers of George Washington, Presidential Series, vol. 10, 1 March 1792 – 15 August 1792, ed. Robert F. Haggard and Mark A. Mastromarino. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2002, pp. 175–183.]
• Species First Described, Collected or Illustrated by William Bartram
• Bartram' Plants, a gallery curated by hereisabe

 

Bibliography for the Bartram Family of Botanists of Philadelphia

1. Abbot, Elizabeth O. Bartram's Garden, Philadelphia, Pa: By Darby Car on Walnut or Pine Street to 54th Street and Woodland Avenue, Then a Walk of 1/4 Mile : John Bartram, Born Near Darby, Pa., 23rd March 1699, Died at Bartram's Garden, 22nd September, 1777. Whitefish, Mont.: Kessinger Publishing, 2009. Print. 
2. Bartram, family. Bartram Family Letters. , 1743. Print. 
3. Bartram, John, and Pehr Kalm. Travels in Pennsylvania and Canada. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms, 1966. Print. 
4. Bartram, John, Edmund Berkeley, and Dorothy S. Berkeley. The Correspondence of John
5. Bartram, 1734-1777. , 1992. Print. 
6. Bartram, John, William Bartram, and John Bartram. Catalogue of American Trees Shrubs and Herbacious Plants: Most of Which Are Now Growing, and Produce Ripe Seed in John Bartram's Garden, Near Philadelphia. the Seed and Growing Plants of Which Are Disposed of on the Most Reasonable Terms. Philadelphia: s.n, 1784. Print. 
7. Bartram, John, William Bartram, Thomas Hallock, and Richard Franz. Travels on the St. Johns River. , 2017. Print
8. Bartram, John. John and William Bartram's America: Selections from the Writings of the Philadelphia Naturalists. Greenwick, Conn: Devin-Adair, 1990. Print. 
9. Bartram, John. Observations on the Inhabitants, Climate, Soil, Rivers, Productions, Animals, and Other Matters Worthy of Notice: Made by Mr John Bartram, in His Travels from Pensilvania to Onondago, Oswego and the Lake Ontario, in Canada. , 2014. Print.
10. Bartram's Garden, Philadelphia, Pa: John Bartram, Born Near Darby, Pa., 23rd March, 1699, Died at Bartram's Garden, 22nd September, 1777. Philadelphia: J.J. McVey, 1907. Print. 
11. Berkeley, Edmund, and Dorothy S. Berkeley. The Life and Travels of John Bartram: From Lake Ontario to the River St. John. Tallahassee: University Presses of Florida, 1990. Print.
    Cheston, Emily R. John Bartram, 1699-1777: His Garden and His House ; William Bartram, 1739-1823. Philadelphia: John Bartram Association, 1953. Internet resource. 
12. Earnest, Ernest P. John and William Bartram: Botanists and Explorers, 1699-1777, 1739-1823. , 2017. Internet resource.
13. Elizabeth Allen, Philadelphia: Bartram’s , 1904
    Exemplification of Several Distinguished American Characters. Philadelphia: Printed for the author by Clark Raser, 1819. Internet resource. 
14. Fletcher, S W. John Bartram, Farmer-Botanist. Philadelphia: John Bartram Association, 1961. Print. 
15. Fry, Joel T. Bartram Broadside. Philadelphia: John Bartram Association, 1900. Print. 
16. Harshberger, John W. The Botanists of Philadelphia and Their Work. Philadelphia, 1899. Print. 
17. Herbst, Josephine. New Green World. New York: Hastings House, 1954. Internet resource.
18. Hill, John. The Inspector: Containing a Collection of Essays and Letters Lately Published in a New Daily-Paper Called, the London Daily Advertiser, and Literary Gazette. London: Printed for W. Shropshire, S. Baker, L. Davis, J. Ward, R. Griffiths, J. Fletcher, in Oxford, and T. Merrill, in Cambridge, 1751. Print. 
19. Hill, John. The Inspector. London: Printed for R. Griffiths, 1753. Internet resource. 
20. John Bartram to Cadwallader Colden, September 17 and October 31, 1743, http://digitalcollections.nyhistory.org/islandora/object/islandora%3A103606#page/2/mode/2up
21. Lovell, John H. The Beginnings of American Science: The First Botanist. Boston: American Co. Publishers, 1904. Print. 
22. Marshall, Humphry, Benjamin Franklin, and Joseph Crukshank. Arbustrum Americanum: The American Grove, Or, an Alphabetical Catalogue of Forest Trees and Shrubs, Natives of the American United States, Arranged According to the Linnaean System : Containing, the Particular Distinguishing Characters of Each Genus, Wit. Place of publication not identified: Philadelphia, n.d.. Internet resource.
23. Middleton, William S. John Bartram, Botanist. Place of publication not identified, 1925. Print. 
24. Pennell, Francis W. "Quaker Botanists." Bulletin of Friends Historical Association. 37 (1948). Print
25. Sammons, Sandra W. John and William Bartram: Travelers in Early America. , 2015. Print. 
26. Sketch of John and William Bartram. New York: publisher not identified, 1892. Print. 
27. Slaughter, Thomas P. The Natures of John and William Bartram. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006. Print. 
28. The Religious Views of John Bartram, the Great Botanist, and His Disownment by Darby Monthly Meeting of Friends, in 1758. Place of publication not identified: publisher not identified, 1915. Print. 
29. William Bartram to Benjamin Smith Barton, July 16, 1800, Barton Delafield Collection, American Philosophical Society.
30. William Hamilton to William Bartram, circa 1803-1805, Bartram Papers 4:49b, Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
31. William Hamilton to William Bartram, November 7, 1796, Gray Herbarium Autographs 3:17a, Harvard University.
32. Wilson, David S. In the Presence of Nature. Amherst, Mass: University of Massachusetts Press, 1978. Internet resource. 
33. Harper, Francis. The Bartram Trail Through the Southeastern States. Chicago, 1939. Print.
34. Bartram, William, Francis Harper, and John Fothergill. Travels in Georgia and Florida, 1773-74: A Report to Dr. John Fothergill. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1943. Print.
35. Bartram, John. Diary of a Journey Through the Carolinas, Georgia and Florida: From July 1, 1765 to April 10, 1766. Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, 1969. Print.

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